The basic processes of free forging are: upsetting, elongation, punching, bending, cutting, twisting, dislocation and forging, etc., and the most commonly used processes in actual production are upsetting, elongation and punching.

1. Upsetting

This is a process to increase the diameter of the workpiece, often used to make heads or other parts that need to expand the diameter.

2. Drawing

In contrast to upsetting, drawing is a process to increase the length of the part by reducing the diameter. This is usually suitable for workpieces that require slender sections.

3. Punching

As the name suggests, punching is a process to make holes in the workpiece. It is usually used to connect or fix holes.

4. Bending

Bend the workpiece into a specific curve or angle.

5. Cutting

Used to cut off the workpiece or cut a part from the workpiece.

6. Twisting

Twisting the shape of the workpiece by rotating a part of the workpiece instead of the entire workpiece.

7. Dislocation

In forging, a part of a workpiece is moved to another position, usually in combination with other processes.

8. Forge welding

This is a process of joining two or more workpieces together by heating and forging under certain pressure.